The great male vs female dogs debate is one that is fought with surprising vigor, given that boy and girl puppies both make affectionate, loyal and trainable pets. I often find myself shocked by how hard some of my friends and colleagues fall on each side of the argument. Boy or girl puppies do have some key differences as they grow. Male dogs might range further and be more likely to escape the backyard, and female dogs can have more toilet training troubles later in life. Male and female dogs are mostly similar, although some breeds have more differences than others in terms of size and weight.
Contents
- Male vs female puppies
- How do male vs female dogs appearances differ?
- Hormones and neutering
- Male vs female dogs behavior and aggression
- Training male vs female dogs
Today we’ll delve into the ways they differ, and where there really isn’t any scientific way to tell them apart. We’ll share boy dog vs girl dog personality along with the very real differences in male vs female dogs’ health. And give some tips to spotting the variations in appearance, and how those physical differences between a female vs a male dog may impact on your family and lifestyle.
Male vs Female Puppy
There is little difference between a male and a female puppy at eight weeks old. On average, male puppies are slightly larger than their sisters, but that’s about it. However, puppies don’t stay puppies for long. They grow up fast, so you really need to consider the difference between male and female dogs once they reach maturity.
There are two key aspects of adult canines that may influence your decision when choosing between a male or female puppy. These are the dog’s physiology and temperament. Physiology is the way a dog looks and his bodily functions. Temperament is the way a dog behaves. Let’s take a look at the physical differences first.
Physical Differences
There are differences, but they are not as great as some people think!
To begin with, male dogs are often a little larger than females. The difference in size is probably not enough to matter much to anyone. Not all male dogs are bigger than all female dogs of course, but on average, the male puppies in a purebred litter will grow slightly taller and heavier than the females in the same litter. The size difference is greater in some breeds than others, and it will be less pronounced in a male dog that has been neutered at an early age.
Males also tend to have a different look. They appear, unsurprisingly, more masculine and may have larger chunkier heads. If you prefer the distinctive male look of your breed then this might be an influencing factor for you. Both when choosing a puppy, and when making decisions about neutering. Of course, we already understand the most obvious and significant physical difference between male and female dogs. But, what are the implications of that difference? That is largely influenced by sex hormones.
Hormonal Differences in Male vs Female Dogs
As a puppy approaches sexual mature, sex hormones cause bodily changes. For females dogs, that means the start of their seasons, or coming into heat. This occurs twice a year for two to three weeks unless they are spayed. During this time, she will have a bloody discharge that attracts male dogs. The discharge is messy and can be smelly. You’ll want to keep them off light-colored carpet and furniture. Dog diapers can help with this issue.
Female dogs in heat cannot be walked in public because male dogs may become aggressive in their desire to mate. To avoid an unintended pregnancy, you’ll want to take precautions to keep male dogs away from your female dog in heat. It is not uncommon for male dogs to jump fences in order to mate. Whether or not this inconvenience is a big deal for you is a personal matter. Spaying a female dog is more expensive than neutering a male dog and may not be covered by pet insurance.
Male dogs do not have seasons, and unless neutered, they can be sexually active all year long. Once an intact male dog reaches sexual maturity, he may begin to mark, mount and roam. Neutered male and female dogs may also exhibit these normal canine behaviors, but typically to a lesser degree. The instinct to mate is strong, so you’ll need to take precautions to keep your dog from roaming in search of mating opportunities. Neutering will mitigate a lot of the differences between male and female dogs.
Neutering Male vs Female Dogs
It’s important to think about whether or not you will alter (spay or neuter) your dog before you choose between a girl or boy dog. The issues that surround neutering might influence your decision on whether or not to neuter your dog, even if you haven’t thought about it yet.
For example, you might choose not to neuter a female Golden Retriever because the breed is susceptible to a number of cancers that have been shown to develop more frequently in altered dogs. If you definitely don’t want to cope with a female dog in season, then the sensible option might be to get a male instead. We’ve looked at the physical differences between male and female dogs, so now it’s time to consider temperamental and behavioral differences. Some people are worried about the look of a neutered dog as well as the physical and emotional changes, to the extent that they’ve even invented an implant to help keep male dogs looking intact!
Behavior and Temperament
You may have heard that female dogs are more loyal than males. This myth persists from the days when many dogs were left to wander unsupervised in the community where they lived. Once sexually mature, male dogs usually want to roam to find a mate. Female dogs may do this too, especially when they are in heat, but roaming is more common in males. A dog proof perimeter around your garden or yard will solve this problem and help keep your dog safe from traffic or theft.
Are Male Dogs More Aggressive?
Whether male dogs are more aggressive than females is not as clear cut as it might seem. Both male and female dogs can be aggressive. Evidence suggests that male dogs are more likely to posture, threaten and challenge as part of social ordering behavior. However, this is often a show that doesn’t result in an attack. Fights between two male dogs are often ritualistic and cause little harm.
While female dogs are less likely to exhibit threatening behavior, they have a stronger tendency to enforce their dominance in the social hierarchy. Fights between two female dogs are more likely to occur than fights between two male dogs. In addition, female dog fights are typically more damaging.
Do Male Dogs Bite More?
Dog bites are more often attributed to male dogs than female dogs and more often to intact males than neutered males. These facts may not be as significant as they seems because they only report numbers and not reasons. Studies have shown that dog bites are the result of a wide variety of factors related to both the human and the dog involved in each incident.
There may be more dog bite incidents involving male dogs due to increased contact related to roaming behavior, for example. And, of course, this behavior is stronger among intact male dogs. In fact, unrestrained dogs roaming off the owner’s property account for about a quarter of all dog bites.
In addition, one study found breed differences in aggressive and biting behaviors. Specifically, that increased aggression among intact males (as opposed to neutered males) in two of the breeds studied did not apply to the other breeds of dog in the study.
Which Sex Is Friendlier?
Friendliness appears to be far more related to a dog’s breed than to a dog’s sex. A male dog from a breed that is known to be generally friendly may be friendlier than a female from a more aggressive breed. If on the other hand, you are looking at a breed with known temperament or aggression issues, then you may want to give the question of boy dog vs girl dog a bit more thought.
Selecting a responsible breeder is an important factor for friendliness for two important reasons. If you want a friendly dog, you want a breeder that has taken care to only breed from dogs that are not aggressive. In addition, early socialization and handling are critical to ensure that your dog is comfortable and friendly around people and other animals.
One study found that male dogs are more inclined to engage in social play with humans than females. While females are inclined to engage in cooperative behavior with humans. Which leads us to training, which is easier to train, a male or female dog?
Are Male Dogs Harder to Train?
Interestingly, male dogs predominate in a number of sports, which might indicate that they are easier to train, rather than harder. But again, we need to tease out the facts.
In competitive sports, successful dogs are valuable as breeding stock and are rarely neutered.
Females can be tricky to compete as they may lose valuable competition and training time by coming into season or being tied up with pregnancy and lactation. So the predominance of males may say more about their ability to be free from obligations than how easy they are to train.
Natural Preferences
Many experienced dog owners have a natural preference for one gender or another. Sometimes this is based on their perception of male and female temperaments.
Sometimes it’s just one of those things that a person can’t really explain. If you have a choice and you just feel drawn to girl dogs vs boy dogs, there’s nothing wrong with that.
Ron King says
At retirement after a career involving lots of travel I finally was able to get a dog. My choice a female Chocolate Lab thinking a female would be easier to get along with. She’s a great dog; but, affection is reserved for the most part to everyone in the entire world except me. In the evenings she gets grumpy and will growl (never threatening she simple would never harm me) when I don’t behave in away she deems appropriate. She does occasionally give me a few moments of affection to fool me into thinking she actually loves me. I’m a sucker and believe her every time. We will be friends forever.
Anna says
I had Both a male and female and the female dog peed on everything not the male.
Dave Fleming says
I’ve often wondered why completely neutering an animal is necessary. When humans no longer want to have children men aren’t castrated, and women aren’t given complete hysterectomies, unless there is a medical issue. Men normally have a vasectomy, and women have their tubes tied. I’m wondering why this isn’t done with dogs (any domesticated animal for that matter). It would result in the same end result, the inability to reproduce, but be healthier for the animal overall.
Zachary Long says
I see the points you make, however dogs do not have the same hormones as humans nor have the same brain. Dogs cannot usually tell from right to wrong. They are an animal.
That1AnimalFreak says
In humans, completely doing this is too difficult due to the… larger size of whatever needs doing (depending on gender). Whereas in a dog it is smaller, and, yes, it is an animal. Horses are similar to humans (only the females), as either their tubes are tied or they do not go on with the procedure, plainly because of the same reasons as a human.
Emma says
They do give dogs vasectomies now.
Jeannine Loyer Feeley says
Hi you mentioned female golden retrievers are more prone to cancers then some other breeds, would it make a difference if a f1B Goldendoodle is bred with standard poodle?
Nora Olthof says
Hi Jeanine, I have the same question… did you get an answer??
Kitty says
Hi I’m trying to figure out what best for my sis that is 10. There one puppy in mind and it’s a chiweenie and it’s a male puppy but Now since I read it. Im still not sure. Is this a good puppy for 10 year old and is a good choice for male?
Addison Hotsil says
I reckon a male is fine, for a 10 year old. But keep in mind that the chihuahua in him may cause him to be a loud barker, and it is very important chihuahuas are trained otherwise he will get out of hand. I have no experience with chiweenies, however. Hope this helps 🙂
Jim says
I have only owned females. So was interested in the pros and cons male versus female. Thanks for the article.
My wife and i recently separated and she took our five year old English Cocker. I trained her and will never own another breed. Contacted the breeder, which is located several states from me, and ordered a pup from the next litter.
Olivia says
I have 2 chihuahuas. They will be 6 in july. One male one female both fixed. We have decided to add a blueheeler to the mix. Should i get a male or female? My male chihuahua is more a loaner and can be grouchy although he does play with other dogs. My female is very friendly and loves to play. They both get along very well with my sisters male rot and my mothers female beagel. Both of those dogs are older then my dogs.
NOTTELLINGYOU says
i would get a female, I’ve known quite a few blue healers and for some reason the females are less aggressive. Although the males are known to be very smart. It’s really your call. Just be wear blue healers are known for their aggression.
A. Cummings says
I would love to know what evidence there is that neutering causes health problems because I’ve read an enormous amount of literature and have only seen the exact opposite – intact dogs are more at risk for cancer and numerous other problems.
Lucy says
At the bottom of the article you will find a References section, where you can find the studies showing the links between neutering and health problems.
Iggy Munis says
Yes I was also wondering, because the parts can get cancer… maybe it is true that neutered/spayed dogs are more likely to get cancer idk
Emma says
They are no more at risk than us humans. I have a male and female not fixed and they are in better shape than my fixed ones. I had a great pyr born with cancer and many other issues. I fixed him when I had a cancer tumour removed from under his armpit. I find a lot of hounds today get cancer in the body not in there female or male organs. Like when they get a rabbies shot. I have a mix cane corso and poodle 2 years old now and she had a lump where she got her rabbies, which I have to have removed. I will fix her when I have this done as it’s just cheaper and I do not believe in breeding or accidents. However, I fix when they are 3 + years old. Never younger. I do not have my healthy males fixed. If I ever have a healthy female, I will not have her fixed either. My great pyr blew both her knees from fixing her at 16 months old. She was only 6 years old and I had to put her down. Not fair to the hounds.
Tim says
I’m getting a lab puppy and having trouble deciding if I should get a male or a female. I prefer female but I had an amazing yellow lab female for 15 1/2 years. I’m not sure if getting another female will remind me too much of her or not. But if I get a male, will I wish I had gotten a female? Tough decision….
Jim says
Tim, I am going through the same situation. We had a female white lab that passed away and we are probably going back to the same breeder and debating male or female. Sometimes I think we are trying to clone her if we go with another female white lab on the other hand I am telling myself that we are honoring her by saying that we want something so similar to her. What did you end up doing?
Ronnie says
Hi Jim, we were going through the exact same thing when we lost our Lab boy. We already have my late mother’s GSD girl (Spayed by Mum) and she was really depressed after losing her best friend she grew up with (They were born the same year 6 months apart)
My husband didn’t want to feel he was replacing our boy, do we’ve gone for a lab mix Shep girl. xxx
Dean says
This article missed one major flaw of a male dog. Male dogs pee on everything!!!!
Jon says
That is exactly my concern about male dogs. They want to mark everything. I have been told after they are neutered it stops but nothing I have read convinces me that is true.
RON says
That’s a great point! I have found that to be true.
Candida Piercy says
That is about training! Our male dogs don’t pee indoors!
Emma says
Male dogs only pee outside if you are a responsible owner. I have seen them lift inside but if you are there immediately to tell them no, they never do it again. Also it is usually in another home where a hound already went. I have had that happen but only once and with a rescue. I was his 4th and last owner and I still have him. None of my other dogs and I have had a lot ever did that.
OriginalSINXS says
One thing that struck me with female dogs compared to males is their eyes… they seem livelier, more expressive of emotion (fear, trust, affection) that those of their male peers. We had a female dog for 14 years and often the first thing visitors noticed about her was those eyes.
Kate Lloyd says
Thank you for positve information about not neutering a dog. We always had dogs, never had a bitch ever, on the farm when I was a kid. My husband and I just purchased a puppy four months ago and have no plans to neuter him. People have been lead to believe that neutering has no effect on a dog, well they should have a look at a bull vs. a steer, or a stallion vs. a gelding, wow, big difference. The uncastrated animals are a sight to behold! They ooze masculinity while their castrated kin are very effeminate. Same goes for a dog. Our dogs were never agressive and were very trainable, I used to train them when I was a kid even, I’ve trained many different types of animals including horses and both sexes were equally trainable. The differences lie in the individual personality of the animal not in it’s sex. Therefore make sure that you meet the parents of the puppy and like them or you may get a dog that disappoints you.
H.Nygaard says
Thank you for this well-informed and sensible reply. I also find neutering or spaying animals to be detrimental to their natural personality traits. If you can’t handle their real character, do not get an animal, period.
Tyler Meredith says
It’s interesting that male and female dogs don’t actually have different personality traits due to their gender. It makes sense that the differences in attitude and trainability are a result of how dogs are raised and trained, not necessarily due to their gender. Thanks for the post; I want to get a dog and have been curious as to whether a male or female would be better so it’s good to know that there aren’t any inherent differences and that it really comes down to the dog itself.